🌸
https://www.kindness2.com/eat-your-vaccine.html
https://www.kindness2.com/food-poisoning---2o23.html
https://www.kindness2.com/eat-your-vaccine.html
https://www.kindness2.com/food-poisoning---2o23.html
🌸
Attorney
Tom Renz
https://renz-law.com
🌸
It’s Confirmed
They’re Vaccinating Us with mRNA
Through the Food
🌸
From Riverside CALIFORNIA ... LOMA LINDA ....
https://studyfinds.org/vaccines-salad-growing-plants/
🌸
Attorney
Tom Renz
https://renz-law.com
🌸
It’s Confirmed
They’re Vaccinating Us with mRNA
Through the Food
🌸
From Riverside CALIFORNIA ... LOMA LINDA ....
https://studyfinds.org/vaccines-salad-growing-plants/
🌸
🌸
The Vigilant Fox
DailyClout Opinion VideosDrink Your Vaccines: China Successfully
“Immunizes” Mice With mRNA-Loaded Cow’s Milk
🌸
The Vigilant Fox
DailyClout Opinion VideosDrink Your Vaccines: China Successfully
“Immunizes” Mice With mRNA-Loaded Cow’s Milk
🌸
🌸
Listen to the Video
More Details and Educational
🌸
https://madmaxworld.tv/watch?id=642b56807159da6493cdd028
Listen to the Video
More Details and Educational
🌸
https://madmaxworld.tv/watch?id=642b56807159da6493cdd028
🌸
Dr. Aaron Kheriaty:
🌸
The Technocracy Threatening
Hippocratic Medicine
🌸
https://twitter.com/DeepBlueCrypto/status/1610260875772055553?s=20
🌸
Dr. Aaron Kheriaty:
🌸
The Technocracy Threatening
Hippocratic Medicine
🌸
https://twitter.com/DeepBlueCrypto/status/1610260875772055553?s=20
🌸
🌸
Eat Your Vaccines! … I Mean Vegetables!
… Said Bill Gates
Tom Renz
🌸
https://tomrenz.substack.com/p/eat-your-vaccines-i-mean-vegtables?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share
🌸
… Said Bill Gates
Tom Renz
🌸
https://tomrenz.substack.com/p/eat-your-vaccines-i-mean-vegtables?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share
🌸
I have been talking about gene therapy vaccines being introduced into the food supply without providing people informed consent on my Twitter account (@RenzTom) as well as pushing Missouri HB1169 which is our best bet of stopping this happening.
This is a nightmare scenario whereby people’s genetics are potentially altered with “factory foods” without them even knowing.
Let me begin by putting to rest any questions as to whether this can happen. The idea of vaccines in food has been around for a long time & is definitely possible. Here is a great article from the year 2000 with a wonderful picture (look at page 3) of exactly how this would be done in vegetables.
Here is an article published in the NIH (you know - by our government) talking about foods “under application” to be genetically modified to become edible vaccines - FROM 2013.
Below is a screenshot taken of a Google search for “food as a vaccine” taken on Sunday April 2, 2023 (I’m certain Google will begin hiding search results soon but at the time it returned 456 million results!).
This is a nightmare scenario whereby people’s genetics are potentially altered with “factory foods” without them even knowing.
Let me begin by putting to rest any questions as to whether this can happen. The idea of vaccines in food has been around for a long time & is definitely possible. Here is a great article from the year 2000 with a wonderful picture (look at page 3) of exactly how this would be done in vegetables.
Here is an article published in the NIH (you know - by our government) talking about foods “under application” to be genetically modified to become edible vaccines - FROM 2013.
Below is a screenshot taken of a Google search for “food as a vaccine” taken on Sunday April 2, 2023 (I’m certain Google will begin hiding search results soon but at the time it returned 456 million results!).
🌸
In recent years edible vaccine emerged as a new concept developed by biotechnologists.
Edible vaccines are subunit vaccines where the selected genes are introduced into the plants and the transgenic plant is then induced to manufacture the encoded protein.
Foods under such application include potato, banana, lettuce, corn, soybean, rice, and legumes.
They are easy to administer, easy to store and readily acceptable delivery system for different age group patients yet cost effective.
Edible vaccines present exciting possibilities for significantly reducing various diseases such as measles, hepatitis B, cholera, diarrhea, etc., mainly in developing countries.
However, various technical and regulatory challenges need to overcome in the path of this emerging vaccine technology to make edible vaccine more efficient and applicable.
This chapter attempts to discuss key aspects of edible vaccines like host plants, production, mechanism of action, advantages and limitations, applications, and different regulatory issues concerned to edible vaccines.
🌸
Edible vaccines are subunit vaccines where the selected genes are introduced into the plants and the transgenic plant is then induced to manufacture the encoded protein.
Foods under such application include potato, banana, lettuce, corn, soybean, rice, and legumes.
They are easy to administer, easy to store and readily acceptable delivery system for different age group patients yet cost effective.
Edible vaccines present exciting possibilities for significantly reducing various diseases such as measles, hepatitis B, cholera, diarrhea, etc., mainly in developing countries.
However, various technical and regulatory challenges need to overcome in the path of this emerging vaccine technology to make edible vaccine more efficient and applicable.
This chapter attempts to discuss key aspects of edible vaccines like host plants, production, mechanism of action, advantages and limitations, applications, and different regulatory issues concerned to edible vaccines.
🌸
🌸
The fact that food can be altered to act as a vaccine is not disputable. Which foods and in what ways is more of a question. It is claimed that beef, pork, etc. cannot transfer vaccination from the meat to a the consumer of the meat.
At initial glance that would make sense (cow DNA and people DNA is quite different and an mRNA designed for cows would probably not be able to transfer directly to people), but that is NOT the whole story.
You have to remember that the additives in the mRNA vaccines are by no means “proven safe” and we don’t even actually know what all is in these shots.
The Lipid NanoParticles (LNPs) appear to be a problem and there have been numerous reports of “other things” some scientists have found in the jabs when they examined them.
Ultimately the mRNA jabs still have not undergone long-term testing because long-term testing can take 10-20 years and they have not existed that long so any claims about the safety or efficacy of the stuff that’s in them are garbage at best.
Share
What we do know about the mRNA vaccines is that they do not stop the spread of disease (click here to see) and really do not help in any way with anything. We also do know that these jabs were demonstrated, in vitro, to alter the genetic makeup of some cells and I would say it is incredibly likely that they do the outside the Petri dish.
Given that we are now talking about a new level of genetic engineering with unknown effects and no long-term studies, do the potential genetic changes the mRNA injections facilitate pose a long-term risk to humans that ingest the altered food? Before you say no, wouldn’t you prefer it be tested rather than being the subject of the experiment?
So with all that in mind, I think it is fair to ask why they would continue to work on and promote a failed product… let alone expand its usage to another industry (Agriculture). Why would seed companies and other companies, outside of the current manufacturers of the COVID jabs, be so excited to develop a product that has failed associated with Died Suddenly and other terrible side effects?
More importantly than anything else is why would the people pushing to use these unproven technologies be opposed to disclosing what they are doing? The pushback against House Bill 1169 in Missouri is shocking.
This bill is 2 pages long (you can read it here) and does not ban anything.
All it does is require labeling of products that can alter your genetics, require companies share info on transmissibility of gene altering interventions, and that fully informed consent be given for any vaccine, gene therapy, or medical intervention. So why are the RINOs in Missouri, lead by the Democrats and Republican House Speaker Dean Plocher are trying to slow-walk this bill through committee to prevent it from being approved this session?
The answer is the lobbyists. Big Pharma has no legitimate basis for publicly arguing against an informed consent/disclosure bill so they have tried to get the ag lobby to do their dirty work.
This is also because the ag bioengineers and big pharma are one and the same. Bayer (big pharma) owns Monsanto which is one of the largest (possibly still the largest) seed producers in the world. Bayer also just happens to be headquartered in Saint Louis, Missouri.
Big pharma DOES NOT WANT people to know they are going to use food to alter their genetics.
They also do not want farmers to know they are setting them up. The lobbyists opposing this bill (see below) are pushing to shut this bill down because factory mega-farmers like Bill Gates (see here), the CCP, and others want to put vaccines in your food. These guys are supporting the big money but this will come at the expense of the family farmers.
The problem is that the major factory-farmers like Gates have legal teams that can set up defense shields against the torts that may come if the food supply starts poisoning people (I can explain how to do this but will not do so here… I don’t think Gates needs more help).
Meanwhile, the small farmers will be at risk of being sued if it turns out that the food they are selling is unsafe despite the fact that most of them will not necessarily know what is happening.
If the corn growers, soybean, cattle, and pork associations actually cared about the farmers they would be demanding the seed companies and vaccine manufacturers indemnify the small farmers for these products rather than opposing a bill that would force them to tell the farmers what they are doing.
At initial glance that would make sense (cow DNA and people DNA is quite different and an mRNA designed for cows would probably not be able to transfer directly to people), but that is NOT the whole story.
You have to remember that the additives in the mRNA vaccines are by no means “proven safe” and we don’t even actually know what all is in these shots.
The Lipid NanoParticles (LNPs) appear to be a problem and there have been numerous reports of “other things” some scientists have found in the jabs when they examined them.
Ultimately the mRNA jabs still have not undergone long-term testing because long-term testing can take 10-20 years and they have not existed that long so any claims about the safety or efficacy of the stuff that’s in them are garbage at best.
Share
What we do know about the mRNA vaccines is that they do not stop the spread of disease (click here to see) and really do not help in any way with anything. We also do know that these jabs were demonstrated, in vitro, to alter the genetic makeup of some cells and I would say it is incredibly likely that they do the outside the Petri dish.
Given that we are now talking about a new level of genetic engineering with unknown effects and no long-term studies, do the potential genetic changes the mRNA injections facilitate pose a long-term risk to humans that ingest the altered food? Before you say no, wouldn’t you prefer it be tested rather than being the subject of the experiment?
So with all that in mind, I think it is fair to ask why they would continue to work on and promote a failed product… let alone expand its usage to another industry (Agriculture). Why would seed companies and other companies, outside of the current manufacturers of the COVID jabs, be so excited to develop a product that has failed associated with Died Suddenly and other terrible side effects?
More importantly than anything else is why would the people pushing to use these unproven technologies be opposed to disclosing what they are doing? The pushback against House Bill 1169 in Missouri is shocking.
This bill is 2 pages long (you can read it here) and does not ban anything.
All it does is require labeling of products that can alter your genetics, require companies share info on transmissibility of gene altering interventions, and that fully informed consent be given for any vaccine, gene therapy, or medical intervention. So why are the RINOs in Missouri, lead by the Democrats and Republican House Speaker Dean Plocher are trying to slow-walk this bill through committee to prevent it from being approved this session?
The answer is the lobbyists. Big Pharma has no legitimate basis for publicly arguing against an informed consent/disclosure bill so they have tried to get the ag lobby to do their dirty work.
This is also because the ag bioengineers and big pharma are one and the same. Bayer (big pharma) owns Monsanto which is one of the largest (possibly still the largest) seed producers in the world. Bayer also just happens to be headquartered in Saint Louis, Missouri.
Big pharma DOES NOT WANT people to know they are going to use food to alter their genetics.
They also do not want farmers to know they are setting them up. The lobbyists opposing this bill (see below) are pushing to shut this bill down because factory mega-farmers like Bill Gates (see here), the CCP, and others want to put vaccines in your food. These guys are supporting the big money but this will come at the expense of the family farmers.
The problem is that the major factory-farmers like Gates have legal teams that can set up defense shields against the torts that may come if the food supply starts poisoning people (I can explain how to do this but will not do so here… I don’t think Gates needs more help).
Meanwhile, the small farmers will be at risk of being sued if it turns out that the food they are selling is unsafe despite the fact that most of them will not necessarily know what is happening.
If the corn growers, soybean, cattle, and pork associations actually cared about the farmers they would be demanding the seed companies and vaccine manufacturers indemnify the small farmers for these products rather than opposing a bill that would force them to tell the farmers what they are doing.
🌸
🌸
The pushback against House Bill 1169
in Missouri is shocking.
This bill is 2 pages long
( you can read it here )
and does not ban anything.
All it does is require labeling of products that can alter your genetics,
require companies share info on transmissibility of gene altering interventions,
and that fully informed consent be given for any vaccine,
gene therapy, or medical intervention.
🌸
The pushback against House Bill 1169
in Missouri is shocking.
This bill is 2 pages long
( you can read it here )
and does not ban anything.
All it does is require labeling of products that can alter your genetics,
require companies share info on transmissibility of gene altering interventions,
and that fully informed consent be given for any vaccine,
gene therapy, or medical intervention.
🌸
The corruption regarding this bill is amazing. Ultimately the labeling requirement would likely serve to protect farmers from being sued because the makers of seed and vaccines would have to make sure the farmers knew if they were putting potential gene therapies into their products. The opposition from the ag lobby is not to help the farmers, it is to help their own pockets.
We ALL need to fight back on this. If this bill passes in one state the requirements it imposes would help to protect the food supply of the entire country. That is why this bill is so opposed.
This two page bill could help keep people safe but, in the words of one of the committee members from the Missouri Emerging Issues Committee - who cares if they put mRNA in the food? Well, we the people care and we need to let these Dems and sellout RINOs how much we do.
Thank Holly Jones for sponsoring this and thank Committee Chair Hardwick for a fair hearing on it.
Now it’s time for Speaker Dean Plocher to decide whether he wants to push this through this session (which he absolutely can do) or if he wants to be the RINO that put Missouri farmers at risk of lawsuits and the people of Missouri at risk of having an unsafe food supply.
We ALL need to fight back on this. If this bill passes in one state the requirements it imposes would help to protect the food supply of the entire country. That is why this bill is so opposed.
This two page bill could help keep people safe but, in the words of one of the committee members from the Missouri Emerging Issues Committee - who cares if they put mRNA in the food? Well, we the people care and we need to let these Dems and sellout RINOs how much we do.
Thank Holly Jones for sponsoring this and thank Committee Chair Hardwick for a fair hearing on it.
Now it’s time for Speaker Dean Plocher to decide whether he wants to push this through this session (which he absolutely can do) or if he wants to be the RINO that put Missouri farmers at risk of lawsuits and the people of Missouri at risk of having an unsafe food supply.
🌸
🌸
Edible Vaccines
🌸
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7120417/
🌸
If they can do this to tomatoes and bananas .... they can do this to everything!
🌸
Edible Vaccines
🌸
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7120417/
🌸
If they can do this to tomatoes and bananas .... they can do this to everything!
🌸
In recent years edible vaccine emerged as a new concept developed by biotechnologists. Edible vaccines are subunit vaccines where the selected genes are introduced into the plants and the transgenic plant is then induced to manufacture the encoded protein.
Foods under such application include potato, banana, lettuce, corn, soybean, rice, and legumes. They are easy to administer, easy to store and readily acceptable delivery system for different age group patients yet cost effective.
Edible vaccines present exciting possibilities for significantly reducing various diseases such as measles, hepatitis B, cholera, diarrhea, etc., mainly in developing countries. However, various technical and regulatory challenges need to overcome in the path of this emerging vaccine technology to make edible vaccine more efficient and applicable.
This chapter attempts to discuss key aspects of edible vaccines like host plants, production, mechanism of action, advantages and limitations, applications, and different regulatory issues concerned to edible vaccines.
Keywords:
Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Transgenic Plant, Human Papilloma Virus, Newcastle Disease Virus, Rabies VirusIntroductionVaccine is a biological preparation intended to produce immunity to a disease by stimulating the production of antibodies. Dead or attenuated organisms or purified products derived from them are generally used to produce various vaccines.
Over the past decade, scientific advances in genetics, molecular biology, and plant biotechnology have improved the understanding of many infectious diseases and led to the development of vaccination programs. The most common method of administering vaccines is by injection but some are given by mouth or nasal spray. Though immunization is the safest method to combat the diseases worldwide but there are many constraints regarding its mode of production, distribution, delivery, cost, and lack of enough research.
Hence it is desirable to look for an effectual and powerful yet cost effective, easy for storage and distribution yet safe method of immunization. It should also be readily acceptable to all sociocultural groups around the globe. Research underway is dedicated to solving these problems by finding ways to produce edible vaccines in the form of transgenic plants which have been investigated as an alternative means to produce and deliver vaccine.
Edible vaccines are called by several alternative names such as food vaccines, oral vaccines, subunit vaccines, and green vaccines. They seem to be a viable alternative especially for the poor and developing countries. They have come up as great boon in medicinal science for which biotechnologists should be given all credit.
The concept of edible vaccines lies in converting the edible food into potential vaccines to prevent infectious diseases. It involves introduction of selected desired genes into plants and then inducing these altered plants to manufacture the encoded proteins. It has also found application in prevention of autoimmune diseases, birth control, cancer therapy, etc.
Edible vaccines are currently being developed for a number of human and animal diseases. This new technology hopefully will contribute positively toward the global vaccine programs and have a dramatic impact on health care in developing countries.
Historical Background
Many people in developing countries do not have access to the vaccines they need, as the traditional vaccines are costly and require skilled medical people for administration and are less effective in inducing mucosal immune response. It was these needs which inspired Hiatt et al. (1989) who attempted to produce antibodies in plants which could serve the purpose of passive immunization.
The first report of edible vaccine (a surface protein from Streptococcus) in tobacco, at 0.02 % of total leaf protein level, appeared in 1990 in the form of a patent application published under the international patent cooperation treaty. By conceiving the idea of edible vaccine Dr. Charles Arntzen tried to realize it (Arntzen 1997). In 1992, Arntzen and coworkers introduced the concept of transgenic plants as a production and delivery system for subunit vaccines in which edible tissues of transgenic crop plants were used (Mor et al. 1998).
They found that this concept could overcome the limitations of traditional vaccines, thereby triggering the research on edible vaccine. In 1990s, Streptococcus mutans surface protein antigen A was expressed for the first time in tobacco. The same group also pioneered the field with work on hepatitis B and heat-labile toxin, B subunit in tobacco plants and potato tubers. In the same year, the successful expression of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in tobacco plants was also achieved (Mason et al. 1992).
To prove that plant-derived HBsAg could stimulate mucosal immune responses via oral route, potato tubers were used as an expression system and were optimized to increase the accumulation of the protein in plant tubers (Richter et al. 2000).
Parallel to the evaluation of plant-derived HBsAg, Mason and Arntzen explored plant expression of other vaccine candidates including the labile toxin B subunit (LT-B) of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) and the capsid protein of Norwalk virus. The plant-derived proteins correctly assembled into functional oligomers that could elicit the expected immune responses when given orally to animals (Mason et al. 1998).
In 1998 a new era was opened in vaccine delivery when researchers supported by the National Institute of allergy and infectious diseases (NIAID) have shown for the first time that an edible vaccine can safely generate significant immune responses in people.
The report by collaborators from the University of Maryland in Baltimore, the Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research in Ithaca, N.Y., and Tulane University in New Orleans appeared in the May issue of Nature Medicine.
According to the then Director of NIAID “Edible vaccines offer exciting possibilities for significantly reducing the burden of diseases like hepatitis and diarrhea, particularly in the developing world where storing and administering vaccines are often major problems,” Mor et al. (1999) also discussed the rapid increase of research in the edible-vaccine field and pointed out that plants could be used to create multicomponent vaccines that can protect against several pathogens at once.
This is an aspect of the edible-vaccine approach that further strengthens its impact. Later, in 2003 Sala and research group reported that proteins produced in these plants induced the mucosal immune response which was the main aim behind this concept.
Research into edible vaccine is still at a very early stage and scientists have a long way to go before it will become a major part of immunization program world wide.
Choice of Host Plant for Edible VaccineTo date, many plant species have been used for vaccine production. The choice of the plant species is important. An edible, palatable plant is necessary if the vaccine is planned for raw consumption. In case of vaccine for animal use, the plant should preferentially be selected among those consumed as normal component of the animal’s diet. Some food vehicles are discussed below:
Foods under such application include potato, banana, lettuce, corn, soybean, rice, and legumes. They are easy to administer, easy to store and readily acceptable delivery system for different age group patients yet cost effective.
Edible vaccines present exciting possibilities for significantly reducing various diseases such as measles, hepatitis B, cholera, diarrhea, etc., mainly in developing countries. However, various technical and regulatory challenges need to overcome in the path of this emerging vaccine technology to make edible vaccine more efficient and applicable.
This chapter attempts to discuss key aspects of edible vaccines like host plants, production, mechanism of action, advantages and limitations, applications, and different regulatory issues concerned to edible vaccines.
Keywords:
Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Transgenic Plant, Human Papilloma Virus, Newcastle Disease Virus, Rabies VirusIntroductionVaccine is a biological preparation intended to produce immunity to a disease by stimulating the production of antibodies. Dead or attenuated organisms or purified products derived from them are generally used to produce various vaccines.
Over the past decade, scientific advances in genetics, molecular biology, and plant biotechnology have improved the understanding of many infectious diseases and led to the development of vaccination programs. The most common method of administering vaccines is by injection but some are given by mouth or nasal spray. Though immunization is the safest method to combat the diseases worldwide but there are many constraints regarding its mode of production, distribution, delivery, cost, and lack of enough research.
Hence it is desirable to look for an effectual and powerful yet cost effective, easy for storage and distribution yet safe method of immunization. It should also be readily acceptable to all sociocultural groups around the globe. Research underway is dedicated to solving these problems by finding ways to produce edible vaccines in the form of transgenic plants which have been investigated as an alternative means to produce and deliver vaccine.
Edible vaccines are called by several alternative names such as food vaccines, oral vaccines, subunit vaccines, and green vaccines. They seem to be a viable alternative especially for the poor and developing countries. They have come up as great boon in medicinal science for which biotechnologists should be given all credit.
The concept of edible vaccines lies in converting the edible food into potential vaccines to prevent infectious diseases. It involves introduction of selected desired genes into plants and then inducing these altered plants to manufacture the encoded proteins. It has also found application in prevention of autoimmune diseases, birth control, cancer therapy, etc.
Edible vaccines are currently being developed for a number of human and animal diseases. This new technology hopefully will contribute positively toward the global vaccine programs and have a dramatic impact on health care in developing countries.
Historical Background
Many people in developing countries do not have access to the vaccines they need, as the traditional vaccines are costly and require skilled medical people for administration and are less effective in inducing mucosal immune response. It was these needs which inspired Hiatt et al. (1989) who attempted to produce antibodies in plants which could serve the purpose of passive immunization.
The first report of edible vaccine (a surface protein from Streptococcus) in tobacco, at 0.02 % of total leaf protein level, appeared in 1990 in the form of a patent application published under the international patent cooperation treaty. By conceiving the idea of edible vaccine Dr. Charles Arntzen tried to realize it (Arntzen 1997). In 1992, Arntzen and coworkers introduced the concept of transgenic plants as a production and delivery system for subunit vaccines in which edible tissues of transgenic crop plants were used (Mor et al. 1998).
They found that this concept could overcome the limitations of traditional vaccines, thereby triggering the research on edible vaccine. In 1990s, Streptococcus mutans surface protein antigen A was expressed for the first time in tobacco. The same group also pioneered the field with work on hepatitis B and heat-labile toxin, B subunit in tobacco plants and potato tubers. In the same year, the successful expression of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in tobacco plants was also achieved (Mason et al. 1992).
To prove that plant-derived HBsAg could stimulate mucosal immune responses via oral route, potato tubers were used as an expression system and were optimized to increase the accumulation of the protein in plant tubers (Richter et al. 2000).
Parallel to the evaluation of plant-derived HBsAg, Mason and Arntzen explored plant expression of other vaccine candidates including the labile toxin B subunit (LT-B) of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) and the capsid protein of Norwalk virus. The plant-derived proteins correctly assembled into functional oligomers that could elicit the expected immune responses when given orally to animals (Mason et al. 1998).
In 1998 a new era was opened in vaccine delivery when researchers supported by the National Institute of allergy and infectious diseases (NIAID) have shown for the first time that an edible vaccine can safely generate significant immune responses in people.
The report by collaborators from the University of Maryland in Baltimore, the Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research in Ithaca, N.Y., and Tulane University in New Orleans appeared in the May issue of Nature Medicine.
According to the then Director of NIAID “Edible vaccines offer exciting possibilities for significantly reducing the burden of diseases like hepatitis and diarrhea, particularly in the developing world where storing and administering vaccines are often major problems,” Mor et al. (1999) also discussed the rapid increase of research in the edible-vaccine field and pointed out that plants could be used to create multicomponent vaccines that can protect against several pathogens at once.
This is an aspect of the edible-vaccine approach that further strengthens its impact. Later, in 2003 Sala and research group reported that proteins produced in these plants induced the mucosal immune response which was the main aim behind this concept.
Research into edible vaccine is still at a very early stage and scientists have a long way to go before it will become a major part of immunization program world wide.
Choice of Host Plant for Edible VaccineTo date, many plant species have been used for vaccine production. The choice of the plant species is important. An edible, palatable plant is necessary if the vaccine is planned for raw consumption. In case of vaccine for animal use, the plant should preferentially be selected among those consumed as normal component of the animal’s diet. Some food vehicles are discussed below:
🌸
🌸
Tobacco
The concept of edible vaccine got impetus after Arntzen and coworkers expressed HBsAg in tobacco. The first edible vaccine was produced in tobacco in 1990 in which 0.02 % recombinant protein (a surface protein from Streptococcus) of the total soluble leaf proteins was found.
It appeared in the form of a patent application published under the International Patent Cooperation Treaty. Transgenic tobacco is successfully engineered for the production of edible vaccines against hepatitis B antigen using ‘s’ gene of hepatitis B virus (HBV). The optimum level of recombinant protein was obtained in leaves and seeds.
Since acute watery diarrhea is caused by enterotoxigenic E. coli and Vibrio cholerae that colonize the small intestine and produce one or more enterotoxin, an attempt was made toward the production of edible vaccine by expressing heat-labile enterotoxin (LT-B) in tobacco. Besides, antibodies against dental caries, expressed in tobacco, are already in preclinical human trials. Italian researchers have now developed an immunologically active, cost-efficient vaccine against human papilloma viruses (HPV). HPV are the causative agents for cervical cancer, and are also involved in skin, head, and neck tumors.
Cervical cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths.
The concept of edible vaccine got impetus after Arntzen and coworkers expressed HBsAg in tobacco. The first edible vaccine was produced in tobacco in 1990 in which 0.02 % recombinant protein (a surface protein from Streptococcus) of the total soluble leaf proteins was found.
It appeared in the form of a patent application published under the International Patent Cooperation Treaty. Transgenic tobacco is successfully engineered for the production of edible vaccines against hepatitis B antigen using ‘s’ gene of hepatitis B virus (HBV). The optimum level of recombinant protein was obtained in leaves and seeds.
Since acute watery diarrhea is caused by enterotoxigenic E. coli and Vibrio cholerae that colonize the small intestine and produce one or more enterotoxin, an attempt was made toward the production of edible vaccine by expressing heat-labile enterotoxin (LT-B) in tobacco. Besides, antibodies against dental caries, expressed in tobacco, are already in preclinical human trials. Italian researchers have now developed an immunologically active, cost-efficient vaccine against human papilloma viruses (HPV). HPV are the causative agents for cervical cancer, and are also involved in skin, head, and neck tumors.
Cervical cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths.
🌸
🌸
Potato
Genetically modified potatoes are also a viable option and seem to be the desired vector. Many of the first edible vaccines were synthesized in potato plants. The transgenic potatoes were developed and grown by Arntzen and Mason and their research group at the Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Cornell University.
Previously, NIAID supported in vitro and preclinical studies by John Clements and colleagues at Tulane University School of Medicine, in which 14 volunteers ate bite-sized pieces of raw potato that had been genetically engineered to produce part of the toxin secreted by E. coli causing diarrhea.
The investigators periodically collected blood and stool samples from the volunteers to evaluate the vaccine’s ability to stimulate both systemic and intestinal immune responses. Ten of the 11 volunteers (91 %) who ingested the transgenic potatoes had fourfold rise in serum antibodies at some point after immunization, and 6 of the 11 (55 %) also showed fourfold mount in intestinal antibodies.
The potatoes were well tolerated and no one experienced serious adverse side effects. Vaccine development has successfully tested a potato-based vaccine to combat the Norwalk Virus, which is spread by contaminated food and water. The virus causes severe abdominal pain and diarrhea.
A research team led by William Langridge of the Loma Linda University in California has reported that transgenic potatoes engineered with a cholera antigen, CTB can effectively immunize mice. Mice fed transgenic potatoes produce cholera-specific antibodies in their serum and intestine; IgA and IgG antibodies reach their highest levels after the fourth feeding. In yet another experiment genetically engineered potatoes containing a hepatitis B vaccine have successfully boosted immunity in their first human trials.
Attempts have also been made to boil the potatoes as raw potatoes are not very appetizing but unfortunately the cooking process breaks down about 50 % of the proteins in the vaccine. While some proteins are more tolerant to heat, for most proteins it will be necessary to amplify the amount of protein in the engineered foods if they are to be cooked before consumption.
Genetically modified potatoes are also a viable option and seem to be the desired vector. Many of the first edible vaccines were synthesized in potato plants. The transgenic potatoes were developed and grown by Arntzen and Mason and their research group at the Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Cornell University.
Previously, NIAID supported in vitro and preclinical studies by John Clements and colleagues at Tulane University School of Medicine, in which 14 volunteers ate bite-sized pieces of raw potato that had been genetically engineered to produce part of the toxin secreted by E. coli causing diarrhea.
The investigators periodically collected blood and stool samples from the volunteers to evaluate the vaccine’s ability to stimulate both systemic and intestinal immune responses. Ten of the 11 volunteers (91 %) who ingested the transgenic potatoes had fourfold rise in serum antibodies at some point after immunization, and 6 of the 11 (55 %) also showed fourfold mount in intestinal antibodies.
The potatoes were well tolerated and no one experienced serious adverse side effects. Vaccine development has successfully tested a potato-based vaccine to combat the Norwalk Virus, which is spread by contaminated food and water. The virus causes severe abdominal pain and diarrhea.
A research team led by William Langridge of the Loma Linda University in California has reported that transgenic potatoes engineered with a cholera antigen, CTB can effectively immunize mice. Mice fed transgenic potatoes produce cholera-specific antibodies in their serum and intestine; IgA and IgG antibodies reach their highest levels after the fourth feeding. In yet another experiment genetically engineered potatoes containing a hepatitis B vaccine have successfully boosted immunity in their first human trials.
Attempts have also been made to boil the potatoes as raw potatoes are not very appetizing but unfortunately the cooking process breaks down about 50 % of the proteins in the vaccine. While some proteins are more tolerant to heat, for most proteins it will be necessary to amplify the amount of protein in the engineered foods if they are to be cooked before consumption.
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Tomato
Tomatoes are an excellent candidate because they are easy to manipulate genetically and new crops can be grown quickly. Moreover, they are palatable and can be eaten raw. While tomatoes do not grow well in the regions in which the edible vaccines are most needed, the engineered tomatoes can be dried or made into a paste to facilitate their delivery.
The anti-malaria edible vaccines in different transgenic tomato plants expressing antigenic type(s) have been proposed by Chowdhury and Bagasara in 2007. They hypothesized that immunizing individuals against 2–3 antigens and against each stage of the life cycle of the multistage parasites would be an efficient, inexpensive and safe way of vaccination. Tomatoes with varying sizes, shapes, and colors carrying different antigens would make the vaccines easily identifiable by lay individuals.
Tomatoes serve as an ideal candidate for the HIV antigen because they unlike other transgenic plants that carry the protein, are edible and immune to any thermal process, which help to retain their healing capabilities. Scientists have claimed that tomatoes could be used as a vaccine against Alzheimer’s disease. The work is in progress to genetically modify the fruit to create an edible vaccine that fires up the immune system to tackle the disease by attacking the toxic beta-amyloid protein that destroys vital connections between brain cells, causing Alzheimer’s.
Researchers have engineered tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill var. UC82b) to express a gene for the glycoprotein (G-protein), that coats the outer surface of the rabies virus. The recombinant constructs contained the G-protein gene from the ERA strain of rabies virus, including the signal peptide, under the control of the 35S promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV).
Tomatoes are an excellent candidate because they are easy to manipulate genetically and new crops can be grown quickly. Moreover, they are palatable and can be eaten raw. While tomatoes do not grow well in the regions in which the edible vaccines are most needed, the engineered tomatoes can be dried or made into a paste to facilitate their delivery.
The anti-malaria edible vaccines in different transgenic tomato plants expressing antigenic type(s) have been proposed by Chowdhury and Bagasara in 2007. They hypothesized that immunizing individuals against 2–3 antigens and against each stage of the life cycle of the multistage parasites would be an efficient, inexpensive and safe way of vaccination. Tomatoes with varying sizes, shapes, and colors carrying different antigens would make the vaccines easily identifiable by lay individuals.
Tomatoes serve as an ideal candidate for the HIV antigen because they unlike other transgenic plants that carry the protein, are edible and immune to any thermal process, which help to retain their healing capabilities. Scientists have claimed that tomatoes could be used as a vaccine against Alzheimer’s disease. The work is in progress to genetically modify the fruit to create an edible vaccine that fires up the immune system to tackle the disease by attacking the toxic beta-amyloid protein that destroys vital connections between brain cells, causing Alzheimer’s.
Researchers have engineered tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill var. UC82b) to express a gene for the glycoprotein (G-protein), that coats the outer surface of the rabies virus. The recombinant constructs contained the G-protein gene from the ERA strain of rabies virus, including the signal peptide, under the control of the 35S promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV).
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Banana
A common fruit—the banana—is currently being considered as a potential vehicle for vaccines against serious as well as too common diseases.
The advantage of bananas is that they can be eaten raw as compared to potatoes or rice that need to be cooked and can also be consumed in a pure form. Furthermore, children tend to like banana and the plants grow well in the tropical areas in which the vaccines are needed the most. Hence, the research is leaning toward the use of banana as the vector since a large number of third-world countries, who would benefit the most from edible vaccines have tropical climates. On the negative side, a new crop of banana plants takes about 12 months to bear fruit. After fruiting, the plants are cut down and a new crop of vaccine-bearing plants must be planted.
Researchers have also developed bananas that deliver a vaccine for HBV. The banana vaccine is expected to cost just 2 cents a dose, as compared to the $125 for the currently available injectable vaccine.
A common fruit—the banana—is currently being considered as a potential vehicle for vaccines against serious as well as too common diseases.
The advantage of bananas is that they can be eaten raw as compared to potatoes or rice that need to be cooked and can also be consumed in a pure form. Furthermore, children tend to like banana and the plants grow well in the tropical areas in which the vaccines are needed the most. Hence, the research is leaning toward the use of banana as the vector since a large number of third-world countries, who would benefit the most from edible vaccines have tropical climates. On the negative side, a new crop of banana plants takes about 12 months to bear fruit. After fruiting, the plants are cut down and a new crop of vaccine-bearing plants must be planted.
Researchers have also developed bananas that deliver a vaccine for HBV. The banana vaccine is expected to cost just 2 cents a dose, as compared to the $125 for the currently available injectable vaccine.
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Maize
Maize has also been used as a vector for various edible vaccines. Egyptian scientists have genetically engineered the maize plants to produce a protein known as HbsAg which elicits an immune response against the hepatitis B virus and could be used as a vaccine. If human trials are successful more than 2 billion people infected with hepatitis B, and about 350 million of these at high risk of serious illness and death from liver damage and liver cancer would be benefited.
Researches are in offing at Iowa State University with the aim to allow pigs and humans to get a flu vaccination simply by eating corn or corn products. It is quite likely that corn vaccine would work in humans when they eat corn or even corn flakes, corn chips, tortillas, or anything that contains corn.
Genetically modified maize could provide protection to chickens against a highly contagious and fatal viral disease affecting most species of birds.
Mexican researcher Octavio Guerrero-Andrade and his colleagues at the Centre for Research and Advanced Studies in Guanajuato, Central Mexico, genetically modified maize to create an edible vaccine against Newcastle disease virus (NDV). They inserted a gene from the NDV, a major killer of poultry in developing countries, into the maize DNA and found antibodies against the virus in chickens that ate the genetically modified maize. One pig vaccine has also been produced in corn successfully.
Efforts are being made by US company ProdiGene to genetically modify maize to contain a key protein found on the surface of the monkey form of HIV. According to US National Institute of Health this development brings an edible, more effective, HIV vaccine for people a step closer.
Transgenic maize expressing the rabies virus glycoprotein (G) of the Vnukovo strain has also been produced using ubiquitin maize promoter fused to the whole coding region of the rabies virus G gene, and a constitutive promoter from CaMV. Maize embryogenic callus were transformed with the above construct by biolistics. Regenerated maize plants were recovered and grown in a greenhouse. The amount of G-protein detected in the grains was approximately 1 % of the total soluble plant protein.
Maize has also been used as a vector for various edible vaccines. Egyptian scientists have genetically engineered the maize plants to produce a protein known as HbsAg which elicits an immune response against the hepatitis B virus and could be used as a vaccine. If human trials are successful more than 2 billion people infected with hepatitis B, and about 350 million of these at high risk of serious illness and death from liver damage and liver cancer would be benefited.
Researches are in offing at Iowa State University with the aim to allow pigs and humans to get a flu vaccination simply by eating corn or corn products. It is quite likely that corn vaccine would work in humans when they eat corn or even corn flakes, corn chips, tortillas, or anything that contains corn.
Genetically modified maize could provide protection to chickens against a highly contagious and fatal viral disease affecting most species of birds.
Mexican researcher Octavio Guerrero-Andrade and his colleagues at the Centre for Research and Advanced Studies in Guanajuato, Central Mexico, genetically modified maize to create an edible vaccine against Newcastle disease virus (NDV). They inserted a gene from the NDV, a major killer of poultry in developing countries, into the maize DNA and found antibodies against the virus in chickens that ate the genetically modified maize. One pig vaccine has also been produced in corn successfully.
Efforts are being made by US company ProdiGene to genetically modify maize to contain a key protein found on the surface of the monkey form of HIV. According to US National Institute of Health this development brings an edible, more effective, HIV vaccine for people a step closer.
Transgenic maize expressing the rabies virus glycoprotein (G) of the Vnukovo strain has also been produced using ubiquitin maize promoter fused to the whole coding region of the rabies virus G gene, and a constitutive promoter from CaMV. Maize embryogenic callus were transformed with the above construct by biolistics. Regenerated maize plants were recovered and grown in a greenhouse. The amount of G-protein detected in the grains was approximately 1 % of the total soluble plant protein.
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Rice
Rice is another potential crop which has been used for developing vaccines. It offers several advantages over traditional vaccines; it does not require refrigeration. In fact, the rice proved just as potent after 18 months of storage at room temperature and the vaccine did not dissolve when exposed to stomach acids. In an attempt, predominant T cell epitope peptides, which were derived from Japanese cedar pollen allergens, were specifically expressed in rice seeds and delivered to the mucosal immune system (MIS); the development of an allergic immune response of the allergen-specific Th2 cell was suppressed.
Furthermore, not only the specific IgE production and release of histamine from mast cells were suppressed, but the inflammatory symptoms of pollinosis, such as sneezing, were also suppressed. These results suggest the feasibility of using an oral immunotherapy agent derived from transgenic plants that accumulate T cell epitope peptides of allergens for allergy treatment.
The transfer of genetic material from the microbe responsible for producing cholera toxin into a rice plant has been achieved. The plants produced the toxin and when the rice grains were fed to mice they provoked immunity from the diarrhea-causing bacterium.
Rice is another potential crop which has been used for developing vaccines. It offers several advantages over traditional vaccines; it does not require refrigeration. In fact, the rice proved just as potent after 18 months of storage at room temperature and the vaccine did not dissolve when exposed to stomach acids. In an attempt, predominant T cell epitope peptides, which were derived from Japanese cedar pollen allergens, were specifically expressed in rice seeds and delivered to the mucosal immune system (MIS); the development of an allergic immune response of the allergen-specific Th2 cell was suppressed.
Furthermore, not only the specific IgE production and release of histamine from mast cells were suppressed, but the inflammatory symptoms of pollinosis, such as sneezing, were also suppressed. These results suggest the feasibility of using an oral immunotherapy agent derived from transgenic plants that accumulate T cell epitope peptides of allergens for allergy treatment.
The transfer of genetic material from the microbe responsible for producing cholera toxin into a rice plant has been achieved. The plants produced the toxin and when the rice grains were fed to mice they provoked immunity from the diarrhea-causing bacterium.
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Spinach
Genetically modified spinach has also been considered for the development of edible vaccine.
Spinach is being investigated as a plant-derived, edible vehicle for anthrax vaccine, as well as a vehicle for the HIV-1 Tat protein (a prospective vaccine candidate). In an experiment a fragment of protective antigen (PA) that represents most of the receptor-binding domain was expressed as a translational fusion with a capsid protein on the outer surface of tobacco mosaic virus, and spinach was inoculated with the recombinant virus. The plant-expressed PA is highly immunogenic in laboratory animals.
Among other food crops with potential to be developed as edible vaccine; sweet potato, peanuts, lettuce, watermelon, and carrots are on the top priority. The development of plant-based vaccines to protect against many other diseases, such as HIV-1, hepatitis B, rabies, and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma are ongoing throughout the globe using one of these edible plants.
The advantages and disadvantages of various plant host systems are given in Table 12.1.
Edible VaccinesIn recent years edible vaccine emerged as a new concept developed by biotechnologists. Edible vaccines are subun...
Genetically modified spinach has also been considered for the development of edible vaccine.
Spinach is being investigated as a plant-derived, edible vehicle for anthrax vaccine, as well as a vehicle for the HIV-1 Tat protein (a prospective vaccine candidate). In an experiment a fragment of protective antigen (PA) that represents most of the receptor-binding domain was expressed as a translational fusion with a capsid protein on the outer surface of tobacco mosaic virus, and spinach was inoculated with the recombinant virus. The plant-expressed PA is highly immunogenic in laboratory animals.
Among other food crops with potential to be developed as edible vaccine; sweet potato, peanuts, lettuce, watermelon, and carrots are on the top priority. The development of plant-based vaccines to protect against many other diseases, such as HIV-1, hepatitis B, rabies, and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma are ongoing throughout the globe using one of these edible plants.
The advantages and disadvantages of various plant host systems are given in Table 12.1.
Edible VaccinesIn recent years edible vaccine emerged as a new concept developed by biotechnologists. Edible vaccines are subun...
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How to Make
an Edible Vaccine
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Edible vaccines and how tobacco might save your life – Kinesis Magazine kinesismagazine.com
Edible Vaccines- Plant Used, Steps, Advantages thebiologynotes.com
Edible Cholera Vaccine – Made of Powdered Rice –
Proves Safe in Phase 1 Human Trials scitechdaily.com
Teasing Vaccines From Tobacco - WSJ Wall Street Journal
Vaccines | Free Full-Text | Disease Prevention:
An Opportunity to Expand Edible Plant-Based ... MDPI
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an Edible Vaccine
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Edible vaccines and how tobacco might save your life – Kinesis Magazine kinesismagazine.com
Edible Vaccines- Plant Used, Steps, Advantages thebiologynotes.com
Edible Cholera Vaccine – Made of Powdered Rice –
Proves Safe in Phase 1 Human Trials scitechdaily.com
Teasing Vaccines From Tobacco - WSJ Wall Street Journal
Vaccines | Free Full-Text | Disease Prevention:
An Opportunity to Expand Edible Plant-Based ... MDPI
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How they will do this to organic food ... through the genome ...
just like the man that was growing organic canola ... the genome is spread through the air ...
in other words... no more organic veggies?
This stuff blows all over the world!
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How they will do this to organic food ... through the genome ...
just like the man that was growing organic canola ... the genome is spread through the air ...
in other words... no more organic veggies?
This stuff blows all over the world!
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BREAKING NEWS:
The lobbyists for the cattleman and pork associations in several states have CONFIRMED
they WILL be using mRNA vaccines in pigs and cows THIS MONTH.
WE MUST SUPPORT #Missouri #HB1169.
It is LITERALLY the ONLY chance we have to prevent this…
NO ONE knows the the impacts of doing this but we are all potentially facing the risk
of being a #DiedSuddenly if we don’t stop this.
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The lobbyists for the cattleman and pork associations in several states have CONFIRMED
they WILL be using mRNA vaccines in pigs and cows THIS MONTH.
WE MUST SUPPORT #Missouri #HB1169.
It is LITERALLY the ONLY chance we have to prevent this…
NO ONE knows the the impacts of doing this but we are all potentially facing the risk
of being a #DiedSuddenly if we don’t stop this.
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Why Bayer bought Monsato ?
Bayer (big pharma) owns Monsanto which is one of the largest (possibly still the largest)
seed producers in the world.
Bayer also just happens to be headquartered in Saint Louis, Missouri.
Big pharma DOES NOT WANT people to know they are going to use food to alter their genetics.
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Bayer (big pharma) owns Monsanto which is one of the largest (possibly still the largest)
seed producers in the world.
Bayer also just happens to be headquartered in Saint Louis, Missouri.
Big pharma DOES NOT WANT people to know they are going to use food to alter their genetics.
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Tom Renz
@RenzTom
#Missouri committee members are dodging a vote on #HB1169 for 2 garbage reasons:
1. They say the labeling requirements would be different from other states
2. They are "worried" it might scare people to know the #truth This is ALL CRAP.
California regularly has higher EPA standards than anyone in the country - a state may have MORE restrictive rules than the feds but not less generally.
Why wouldn't the #GOP #Republicans there want to lead on #InformedConsent & #Disclosure on #mRNA #GeneTherapy in food & other products?
As for fear - if the law requires disclosure of ALL risks & benefits AND these are truly "safe & effective" it will eliminate fear & vax hesitancy... unless these things are NOT safe and effective...
They aren't and these R's are sellouts. I'm naming names soon. #BillGates #WEF #CCP #Fauci
@GenFlynn
@VigilantFox
@naomirwolf
@TuckerCarlson
@joerogan
@dbongino
@P_McCulloughMD
@DougBillings
@AGHuff
@HISGLORYME
@MelKShow
@VandersteelAnn
@TheClayClark
@BusyDrT
@NeputeWellness
@deanplocher
@RenzTom
#Missouri committee members are dodging a vote on #HB1169 for 2 garbage reasons:
1. They say the labeling requirements would be different from other states
2. They are "worried" it might scare people to know the #truth This is ALL CRAP.
California regularly has higher EPA standards than anyone in the country - a state may have MORE restrictive rules than the feds but not less generally.
Why wouldn't the #GOP #Republicans there want to lead on #InformedConsent & #Disclosure on #mRNA #GeneTherapy in food & other products?
As for fear - if the law requires disclosure of ALL risks & benefits AND these are truly "safe & effective" it will eliminate fear & vax hesitancy... unless these things are NOT safe and effective...
They aren't and these R's are sellouts. I'm naming names soon. #BillGates #WEF #CCP #Fauci
@GenFlynn
@VigilantFox
@naomirwolf
@TuckerCarlson
@joerogan
@dbongino
@P_McCulloughMD
@DougBillings
@AGHuff
@HISGLORYME
@MelKShow
@VandersteelAnn
@TheClayClark
@BusyDrT
@NeputeWellness
@deanplocher
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